Childhood and adolescence obesity represent a major health problem worldwide, as it can lead to the development of expensive, serious, and debilitating health complications later in life. A study that involved 232 obese children and adolescents revealed that those given vitamin D supplements had significantly lower body mass index and body fat and improved cholesterol levels after one year. These findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation could be part of an effective strategy to address childhood obesity and reduce the risk of serious health problems, such as heart disease, later in life. European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology, September 2018