Most studies that seek to examine the effect of whiplash injuries on the cervical spine involve subjects seated with their back and head against the seatback and headrest. This study sought to identify what impact might result from the body leaning forwards ten degrees from the seatback and/or the head positioned twenty degrees away from the headrest—characteristics common to many drivers—at the time of collision. The research team found that leaning forwards increases the risk to the capsular ligaments while having both the body and head in a forward position results in a greater risk of cervical injury. This study underscores the importance of having the seat back and headrest properly adjusted, so the head is no greater than 1-2 inches from the headrest.
Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics, February 2017